Cheap materials.
Intermittent operation.
Producing CO₂ and H₂ at scale.




Low - abundant metals, plastics, cheap membranes
High - platinum & expensive membranes
Maximized H₂ co-production (optional)
Low to none
Anywhere - designed for solar PV without batteries
Where energy access is safe and stable
Solar + wind only = low cost
High base energy/battery prices = high cost